寶鑑Bogam

Formulas · Text · Donguibogam 東醫寶鑑

The Nose

Bi

한글 비  ·  Pinyin Bi

The spirit's cottage and the gate of heaven's qi — thick discharge and thin, the nose that cannot smell, the polyp taken off with a pellet, and the drinker's red nose

鼻

The nose is called the spirit's cottage, the door the spirit qi goes in and out by, and in the Laozi's reading it is the gate of heaven's qi where the mouth is the gate of earth's. Clinically it belongs to the lung, and the Nanjing puts the whole chapter in one line: when the lung is harmonious the nose can know scent from stench. What follows is a set of distinctions a practitioner can act on. Thick turbid discharge that will not stop is nasal deep-source and belongs to heat; clear watery discharge is lung cold. A nose blocked for a few days is a chill caught; one that blocks at the least draught, year after year, is a weak surface, and Dongwon treats it by supplementing rather than dispersing. A hard thing inside the nose is a polyp, and the chapter removes it with a pellet of caustics set against it daily until the discharge stops. The last third is the drinker's nose — red at the tip, purple-black at worst — which the chapter explains as blood made hot by wine, then chilled and congealed so that it cannot move, and treats by cooling the blood inside and rubbing sulphur on outside. It ends with two lines of cultivation: rub the bridge of the nose thirty times till it is hot on both sides, and keep the hairs of the nose cut, since this is the door the spirit qi passes through.

2.1 The Nose Is Called the Spirit's Cottage 鼻曰神廬

2.1.1
Source원문

黃庭經曰, 神廬之中, 當修治. 呼吸廬間, 入丹田. 神廬者, 鼻也, 乃神氣出入之門也. 《類聚》

Translation영역
The Yellow Court Classic says: within the spirit's cottage, there should be cultivation; breathing in and out through the cottage, one enters the cinnabar field. The spirit's cottage is the nose, the door by which the spirit qi goes in and out.

Yuchwi 類聚

2.2 The Nose Is the Gate of the Mysterious Female 鼻爲玄牝之門戶

2.2.1
Source원문

老子曰, 谷神不死, 是謂玄牝. 玄牝之門, 爲天地根, 綿綿若存, 用之不勤. 何謂玄牝之門. 答曰, 鼻通天氣曰玄門, 口通地氣曰牝戶. 口鼻乃玄牝之門戶也. 《正理》

Translation영역
The Laozi says: the valley spirit does not die; this is called the mysterious female. The gate of the mysterious female is the root of heaven and earth, continuous as though it were there, and used without ever being exhausted. What is meant by the gate of the mysterious female? The answer: the nose passes heaven's qi and is called the mysterious gate; the mouth passes earth's qi and is called the female door. Mouth and nose are the gates of the mysterious female.
Clinical note임상 주석
The Laozi's most quoted passage read as anatomy. Air from above through the nose, food from below through the mouth — and the division holds for the rest of the book, since the nose belongs to the lung and the mouth to the spleen.

Jeongni 正理

2.3 The Nose Is the Lung's Orifice 鼻爲肺之竅

2.3.1
Source원문

內經曰, 西方白色, 入通於肺, 開竅於鼻.

Translation영역
The Neijing says: the white colour of the west enters and communicates with the lung, and opens its orifice at the nose.

Naegyeong 內經

2.3.2
Source원문

肺在竅爲鼻. 《正理》

Translation영역
The lung in orifices is the nose.

Jeongni 正理

2.3.3
Source원문

五氣入鼻, 藏于心肺. 心肺有病而鼻爲之不利也. 《正理》

Translation영역
The five qi enter by the nose and are stored in the heart and lung; where the heart and lung are diseased, the nose is not free because of it.

Jeongni 正理

2.3.4
Source원문

難經曰, 肺氣通於鼻, 肺和則鼻能知香臭矣.

Translation영역
The Nanjing says: the lung qi passes through to the nose, and when the lung is harmonious the nose can know scent from stench.
Clinical note임상 주석
肺和則鼻能知香臭 — the whole chapter in nine graphs. Every formula in it is an attempt to make the lung harmonious, and the test of success is whether the patient can smell again.

Nangyeong 難經

2.4 The Pulse 脉法

2.4.1
Source원문

左寸脉浮緩, 爲傷風鼻塞流涕. 右寸脉浮洪而數, 爲鼻衄鼻齄. 《正傳》

Translation영역
Where the left inch pulse is floating and moderate, it is wind damage with the nose blocked and discharge running. Where the right inch pulse is floating, surging and rapid, it is nosebleed and wine-nose.

Jeongjeon 正傳

2.5 Nasal Deep-Source 鼻淵

2.5.1
Source원문

內經曰, 膽移熱於腦, 則辛頞鼻淵. 鼻淵者, 濁涕下不止也, 傳爲衄衊瞑目. 註曰, 膽液下注爲濁涕, 下不已如水泉, 故曰鼻淵也. 久而不已, 必成衄血, 失血多故目視瞑暗也.

Translation영역
The Neijing says: where the gallbladder moves heat to the brain, there is stinging at the bridge of the nose and nasal deep-source. Nasal deep-source is turbid discharge coming down without stop; passing on, it becomes nosebleed and dimness of the eyes. The commentary says: the gallbladder's fluid pours down as turbid discharge, coming down without cease like a spring of water, and so it is called the nasal deep-source. If it goes long without ceasing it must become nosebleed, and much blood being lost, the eyes see darkly.
Clinical note임상 주석
鼻淵, the nasal deep-source — the name is the image, a spring that runs and will not stop. Chronic sinusitis with the ache at the bridge of the nose, and the Fluids chapter's 5.23.3 carries the same passage from the mucus's side.

Naegyeong 內經

2.5.2
Source원문

鼻淵者, 外寒束內熱之證也. 《正傳》

Translation영역
Nasal deep-source is a pattern of cold outside binding heat within.

Jeongjeon 正傳

2.5.3
Source원문

鼻流濁涕者, 屬風熱也. 《回春》

Translation영역
A nose running turbid discharge belongs to wind heat.

Hoechun 回春

2.5.4
Source원문

鼻淵, 宜黃連通聖散ㆍ防風湯ㆍ蒼耳散ㆍ荊芥連翹湯.

Translation영역
For nasal deep-source: Coptis Sagely Unblocking Powder, Saposhnikovia Decoction, Xanthium Powder and Schizonepeta and Forsythia Decoction.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.5.5
Source원문

一人鼻流濁涕有穢氣, 脉弦小, 右寸滑, 左寸澁. 先灸上星ㆍ三里ㆍ合谷, 次以酒芩 二兩, 蒼朮ㆍ半夏 各一兩, 辛夷ㆍ細辛ㆍ川芎ㆍ白芷ㆍ石膏ㆍ人參ㆍ葛根 各五錢. 右剉, 分七貼服之, 全愈. 《丹溪》

Translation영역
A man's nose ran turbid discharge with a foul smell; his pulse was stringlike and small, the right inch slippery and the left inch rough. First Sangseong, Samni and Hapgok were moxaed; then wine-fried scutellaria 2 nyang, atractylodes lancea and pinellia 1 nyang each, magnolia flower, asarum, chuanxiong, angelica dahurica, gypsum, ginseng and pueraria 5 don each — cut up, divided into seven packets and taken, and he was wholly healed.

Dangye 丹溪

2.5.6
Source원문

鼻中常流臭黃水, 甚者腦亦痛, 俗名控腦砂, 有蟲蝕腦中. 用絲瓜藤近根三五尺許, 燒存性爲末, 酒調服卽愈. 《正傳》

Translation영역
Where stinking yellow water constantly runs from the nose and at worst the head aches too, it is commonly named 控腦砂, and there is a worm eating within the brain. Take three to five cheok of loofah vine near the root, burn it with the nature retained, powder it and take stirred into wine, and it heals.
Clinical note임상 주석
控腦砂 — the sand that drags at the brain. Purulent discharge with headache, which is sinusitis at the stage where it involves the frontal sinus; the worm is the tradition's explanation, and it is the only one it had for something that eats away inside the head.

Jeongjeon 正傳

2.6 Clear Nasal Discharge 鼻鼽

2.6.1
Source원문

鼽者, 鼻流淸涕也. 《入門》

Translation영역
鼽 is the nose running clear discharge.

Immun 入門

2.6.2
Source원문

鼻中水出曰鼽. 《內經》

Translation영역
Water coming out of the nose is called 鼽.

Naegyeong 內經

2.6.3
Source원문

傷風則決然鼻流淸涕. 《綱目》

Translation영역
In wind damage, clear discharge runs from the nose in a stream.

Gangmok 綱目

2.6.4
Source원문

鼻流淸涕者, 屬肺寒也. 《回春》

Translation영역
A nose running clear discharge belongs to lung cold.
Clinical note임상 주석
The pair to 2.5.3 — clear for cold and turbid for heat. It is the chapter's most serviceable rule, and it holds through the course of a common cold: clear at the start, thick as it turns.

Hoechun 回春

2.6.5
Source원문

鼻流淸涕, 宜川椒散.

Translation영역
For a nose running clear discharge, Sichuan Pepper Powder is appropriate.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.6.6
Source원문

鼻鼽, 二陳湯方見痰飮加川芎ㆍ當歸ㆍ細辛ㆍ白芷ㆍ防風ㆍ羌活ㆍ桔梗ㆍ薄荷ㆍ生薑煎服, 外以細辛膏塞鼻中. 《入門》

Translation영역
For clear nasal discharge, Two Matured Ingredients Decoction formula in the Phlegm chapter with chuanxiong, angelica, asarum, angelica dahurica, saposhnikovia, notopterygium, platycodon, mint and fresh ginger added, decocted and taken; and outwardly pack Asarum Ointment into the nose.

Immun 入門

2.6.7
Source원문

老人鼻鼽不止, 用獨頭蒜四五箇, 搗爛貼脚底心, 用紙貼之, 鼽自止. 《種杏》

Translation영역
Where an old person's clear discharge will not stop, take four or five single-cloved garlics, pound them to a pulp and stick them on the soles of the feet with paper, and the discharge stops of itself.
Clinical note임상 주석
Garlic on the soles for a running nose. Drawing what is above down to the feet is the tradition's standing device for a complaint in the head, and the Urine chapter's 1.11 navel packs work the same way.

Jonghaeng 種杏

2.7 Nosebleed 鼻衄

2.7.1
Source원문

詳見血門.

Translation영역
Treated in detail in the Blood chapter.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.8 A Blocked Nose 鼻塞

2.8.1
Source원문

鼻塞皆屬肺. 《綱目》

Translation영역
A blocked nose all belongs to the lung.

Gangmok 綱目

2.8.2
Source원문

寒傷皮毛則鼻塞不利, 火鬱淸道則香臭不知. 新者偶感風寒, 鼻塞聲重, 流涕噴嚔, 宜羌活沖和湯ㆍ參蘇飮幷見寒門. 久則略感風寒鼻塞便發, 宜淸金降火, 凉膈散方見火門加川芎ㆍ荊芥ㆍ白芷. 《入門》

Translation영역
Where cold damages the skin and hair the nose is blocked and not free; where fire is depressed in the clear passage, scent and stench are not known. In a new case, a chance contraction of wind cold with the nose blocked, the voice heavy, discharge running and sneezing: Notopterygium Harmonizing Decoction and Ginseng and Perilla Drink both in the Cold Damage chapter. Where it is long-standing and the nose blocks at the least touch of wind cold, clear the metal and downbear the fire: Cool the Diaphragm Powder formula in the Fire chapter with chuanxiong, schizonepeta and angelica dahurica added.
Clinical note임상 주석
新者 against 久則 — the new case and the long one. A nose blocked for a week is a chill; one that blocks at every draught for years is treated as heat banked up in the passage, and the two get opposite formulas.

Immun 入門

2.8.3
Source원문

鼻塞甚者, 禦寒湯ㆍ蓽澄茄丸. 不知香臭者, 麗澤通氣湯. 內有硬物者, 宜南星飮, 外用蓽撥餠貼顖門, 且以菖蒲ㆍ皂角末綿裹塞鼻. 《入門》

Translation영역
Where the blockage is severe: Ward Off Cold Decoction and Cubeb Pill. Where scent and stench are not known: Beautiful Marsh Free the Qi Decoction. Where there is a hard thing within: Arisaema Drink, with Long Pepper Cake applied outwardly to the fontanelle, and powdered acorus and gleditsia wrapped in cotton wool and packed into the nose.

Immun 入門

2.8.4
Source원문

鼻齆者, 肺爲風冷所傷, 津液冷滯, 鼻氣不宣, 香臭不知, 宜芎藭散. 《直指》

Translation영역
Nasal congestion is the lung damaged by wind cold, the fluids cold and stagnant, the nose qi not diffused and scent and stench not known: Chuanxiong Powder is appropriate.

Jikji 直指

2.8.5
Source원문

鼻塞不聞香臭, 宜溫肺湯ㆍ溫衛湯ㆍ通竅湯ㆍ菖蒲散, 又一方.

Translation영역
For a blocked nose that does not smell scent or stench: Warm the Lung Decoction, Warm the Defence Decoction, Free the Orifice Decoction, Acorus Powder, and another formula.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.9 Nasal Polyp 鼻痔

2.9.1
Source원문

輕爲鼻瘡, 重爲鼻痔, 皆肺熱也. 《入門》

Translation영역
Light, it is a nose sore; heavy, it is a nasal polyp — both are lung heat.

Immun 入門

2.9.2
Source원문

鼻痔者, 肺氣熱極, 日久凝濁, 結成瘜肉, 如棗大, 滯塞鼻竅, 甚者亦名鼻齆. 防風通聖散方見風門加三稜ㆍ海藻末調服, 外用辛夷膏塞鼻卽愈. 《入門》

Translation영역
A nasal polyp is the lung qi at the height of heat, congealing turbid over days into a growth of flesh the size of a jujube that blocks the nasal orifice; at worst it is also named nasal congestion. Saposhnikovia Sagely Unblocking Powder formula in the Wind chapter with powdered sparganium and sargassum added, taken stirred; and outwardly Magnolia Flower Ointment packed into the nose, and it heals.
Clinical note임상 주석
如棗大 — the size of a jujube. A nasal polyp described by its bulk, and treated inside and out at once. Sparganium and sargassum are the tradition's medicinals for a soft mass, and adding them to a surface-clearing formula is the Immun's own device.

Immun 入門

2.9.3
Source원문

瘜肉因胃中有食積熱痰流注, 宜以南星ㆍ半夏ㆍ蒼朮ㆍ神麴ㆍ細辛ㆍ白芷ㆍ甘草ㆍ酒炒芩連煎服, 外用瓜礬散自愈. 《綱目》

Translation영역
The growth comes of food accumulation and heat phlegm in the stomach pouring upward: decoct and take arisaema, pinellia, atractylodes lancea, medicated leaven, asarum, angelica dahurica, licorice and wine-fried scutellaria and coptis, and outwardly use Melon Pedicel and Alum Powder, and it heals of itself.

Gangmok 綱目

2.9.4
Source원문

鼻中贅肉, 臭不可近, 痛不可搖, 以白礬末加硇砂少許吹其上, 頃之化水而消. 與勝濕湯方見濕門ㆍ瀉白散方見五藏. 此厚味壅滯, 濕熱蒸於肺門, 如雨霽之地突生芝菌也. 《醫鑑》

Translation영역
Where the growth in the nose stinks so that one cannot come near and pains so that it cannot be moved, blow powdered alum with a little sal ammoniac onto it, and presently it turns to water and disperses. Give Overcome Damp Decoction formula in the Damp chapter and Drain the White Powder formula in the Five Viscera chapter. This is rich flavours congesting and stagnating, damp heat steaming at the gate of the lung — as mushrooms spring up suddenly on ground after rain.
Clinical note임상 주석
如雨霽之地突生芝菌 — like mushrooms springing up on the ground after rain. The best image in the chapter, and a fair description of how polyps appear: several at once, in a place that has stayed wet.

Uigam 醫鑑

2.9.5
Source원문

鼻痔, 宜瓜丁散ㆍ白黃散ㆍ羊肺散.

Translation영역
For nasal polyp: Melon Pedicel Powder, Alum and Realgar Powder and Sheep's Lung Powder.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.10 Sores in the Nose 鼻瘡

2.10.1
Source원문

鼻中生瘡, 乃肺熱也, 宜黃芩湯ㆍ洗肺散. 《回春》

Translation영역
Sores arising within the nose are lung heat: Scutellaria Decoction and Wash the Lung Powder are appropriate.

Hoechun 回春

2.10.2
Source원문

鼻瘡, 宜瀉白散加酒炒片芩ㆍ梔子ㆍ桔梗ㆍ薄荷方見五藏.

Translation영역
For nose sores, Drain the White Powder formula in the Five Viscera chapter with wine-fried sliced scutellaria, gardenia, platycodon and mint added.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.10.3
Source원문

鼻瘡, 杏仁油和鹽塗之. 《入門》

Translation영역
For nose sores, apricot kernel oil mixed with salt and smeared on.

Immun 入門

2.10.4
Source원문

鼻瘡, 黃栢ㆍ苦參ㆍ檳榔 等分爲末, 猪脂調和. 或靑黛ㆍ槐花ㆍ杏仁硏付鼻中. 《得效》

Translation영역
For nose sores, phellodendron, flavescent sophora and areca in equal parts, powdered and mixed with lard; or indigo, sophora flower and apricot kernel ground and applied within the nose.

Deukhyo 得效

2.10.5
Source원문

大風瘡ㆍ天疱瘡, 皆鼻中生瘡, 鼻梁塌壞, 幷見本門.

Translation영역
In great wind sores and heaven-blister sores, sores arise within the nose and the bridge of the nose collapses; both are in their own chapters.
Clinical note임상 주석
鼻梁崩壞 — the bridge of the nose falling in. Leprosy and syphilis both destroy the nasal septum and cartilage, and the tradition knew the sign well enough to name it in two diseases at once.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.11 Pain in the Nose 鼻痛

2.11.1
Source원문

鼻痛者, 因風邪與正氣相搏, 鼻道不通, 故爲痛, 宜人參順氣散ㆍ通氣驅風湯幷見風門. 如痰火衝肺, 鼻膈隱痛, 二陳湯方見痰飮加片芩ㆍ梔子ㆍ桔梗ㆍ麥門冬煎服. 《入門》

Translation영역
Pain in the nose comes of a wind evil striking against the right qi so that the nasal passage does not pass, and hence pains: Ginseng Order the Qi Powder and Free the Qi and Dispel Wind Decoction both in the Wind chapter are appropriate. Where phlegm fire surges into the lung and there is a hidden pain in the nasal septum, Two Matured Ingredients Decoction formula in the Phlegm chapter with sliced scutellaria, gardenia, platycodon and ophiopogon added, decocted and taken.

Immun 入門

2.12 Wine-Nose 鼻齄

2.12.1
Source원문

鼻齄者, 鼻之準頭紅也, 甚則紫黑. 酒客多有之. 因血熱入肺, 鬱久則血凝濁而色赤. 或有不飮酒而紅者, 名曰肺風瘡, 亦是血熱入肺. 俱宜淸血四物湯, 兼服梔子仁丸, 外用硫黃散. 《入門》

Translation영역
Wine-nose is the tip of the nose turned red, and at worst purple-black. Drinkers commonly have it. It comes of blood heat entering the lung; depressed long, the blood congeals turbid and the colour is red. There are also those who do not drink and are red, and that is named lung wind sores, and is likewise blood heat entering the lung. For both, Clear the Blood Four Substances Decoction, with Gardenia Kernel Pill taken alongside and Sulphur Powder used outwardly.
Clinical note임상 주석
Rosacea, and the Immun is careful to say that not everyone who has it drinks. 準頭, the tip of the nose, is where it starts; the purple-black of the worst cases is rhinophyma.

Immun 入門

2.12.2
Source원문

肺之爲藏, 其位高, 其體脆, 性惡寒又惡熱. 是故好飮熱酒者, 始則傷于肺藏, 鬱熱久則見於外而爲鼻齄準赤之候. 得熱則紅, 得寒則黑. 《正傳》

Translation영역
The lung as a viscus sits high, its substance is brittle, and by nature it hates cold and hates heat as well. So in one fond of drinking hot wine, the lung viscus is damaged at first, and the depressed heat after long appears outwardly as wine-nose and a red tip. Meeting heat it is red; meeting cold it is black.
Clinical note임상 주석
得熱則紅, 得寒則黑 — red in the heat and dark in the cold. Rosacea does flush with heat and the fixed lesions do look duskier in winter, and the observation is the chapter's own.

Jeongjeon 正傳

2.12.3
Source원문

酒齄鼻, 乃熱血入肺. 《正傳》

Translation영역
The wine-nose is hot blood entering the lung.

Jeongjeon 正傳

2.12.4
Source원문

酒齄鼻及肺風瘡, 以白龍丸逐日洗面, 常服龍虎丹, 半月瑩潔. 《直指》

Translation영역
For wine-nose and lung wind sores, wash the face daily with White Dragon Pill and take Dragon and Tiger Elixir regularly; in half a month it is clear and clean.

Jikji 直指

2.12.5
Source원문

酒齄, 宜凌霄花散ㆍ參歸丸. 肺風瘡, 宜肺風丸ㆍ升麻湯ㆍ淸肺飮子ㆍ一方.

Translation영역
For wine-nose: Campsis Flower Powder and Sophora and Angelica Pill. For lung wind sores: Lung Wind Pill, Cimicifuga Decoction, Clear the Lung Drink, and another formula.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.13 Face and Nose Purple-Black 面鼻紫黑

2.13.1
Source원문

面爲陽中之陽, 鼻居面之中. 一身之血運到面鼻, 皆爲至淸至精之血. 多酒之人, 酒氣熏蒸, 面鼻得酒, 血爲極熱. 熱血得寒, 汚濁凝澁而不行, 故色爲紫黑. 治宜化滯血, 生新血, 服淸血四物湯方見上. 氣弱者加酒黃芪. 《正傳》

Translation영역
The face is the yang within the yang, and the nose sits at the middle of the face. The blood of the whole body, arriving at face and nose, is the very clearest and finest blood. In one who drinks much, the wine qi steams and the face and nose take in the wine, and the blood becomes extremely hot; hot blood meeting cold grows foul and turbid, congeals rough and does not move, and so the colour is purple-black. The treatment should transform the stagnant blood and engender new blood: take Clear the Blood Four Substances Decoction formula above, with wine-processed astragalus added for those weak in qi.
Clinical note임상 주석
Heated by wine and then chilled by the air, so that the blood stops in the face — the mechanism Yu Tuan gives for the drinker's dark nose, and it accounts for why the complaint belongs to cold climates and to the outdoors.

Jeongjeon 正傳

2.14 Nasal Mucus 鼻涕

2.14.1
Source원문

詳見津液門.

Translation영역
Treated in detail in the Fluids chapter.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.15 Sneezing 鼻嚔

2.15.1
Source원문

詳見言語門.

Translation영역
Treated in detail in the Speech chapter.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.16 Reading Disease from the Nose's Colour 鼻色占病

2.16.1
Source원문

靈樞曰, 鼻頭色靑爲痛, 色黑爲勞, 色赤爲風, 色黃者便難也, 色鮮明者有留飮也.

Translation영역
The Lingshu says: a green nose tip means pain, black means taxation, red means wind, yellow means difficult stool, and a bright glossy colour means there is a lodged rheum.
Clinical note임상 주석
Five colours at one small spot. The yellow nose for a bound bowel is the Urine chapter's 1.5 and the Large Intestine chapter's 10.4; the whole tradition reads the tip of the nose for the middle burner.

Yeongchu 靈樞

2.16.2
Source원문

鼻色靑, 腹中痛, 苦冷者死. 《正傳》

Translation영역
Where the nose is green with abdominal pain and severe cold, death.

Jeongjeon 正傳

2.16.3
Source원문

鼻頭微白者, 亡血也. 赤者, 血熱也, 酒客多有之. 《三因》

Translation영역
A slightly white nose tip means blood has been lost; a red one means blood heat, and drinkers commonly have it.

Samin 三因

2.17 Methods of Cultivation 修養法

2.17.1
Source원문

常以手中指於鼻梁兩邊, 揩二三十遍, 令表裏俱熱. 所謂灌漑中岳, 以潤於肺也. 《養性》

Translation영역
Always rub the two sides of the bridge of the nose with the middle fingers, twenty or thirty times, until it is hot both outside and within. This is what is called irrigating the central peak, so as to moisten the lung.
Clinical note임상 주석
中岳, the central peak — the nose, since it stands at the middle of the face as the central mountain stands in the empire. Rubbing either side of the bridge until it warms is the one thing in this chapter anyone can do this minute, and it is still taught.

Yangseongseo 養性書

2.17.2
Source원문

常去鼻中毛, 謂神氣出入之門戶也. 《養性》

Translation영역
Always remove the hairs within the nose, for this is the door by which the spirit qi goes in and out.

Yangseongseo 養性書

2.18 Simple Medicinals 單方

2.18.1
Source원문

凡十五種.

Translation영역
Fifteen kinds in all.

Donguibogam · Bi

2.18.2
Source원문

白鹽 治酒齄. 和津唾常擦之爲妙. 《得效》

Translation영역
White salt (白鹽): Treats the wine-flushed nose. Mix it with saliva and rub it on regularly — excellent.
Clinical note임상 주석
酒齄 is rhinophyma — the thickened, reddened, bulbous nose of long-standing rosacea — and the tradition attributed it to drink. The association is weaker than was believed; the condition is real, and modern treatment is topical and oral therapy with surgical reshaping for the thickened nose.

Deukhyo 得效

2.18.3
Source원문

白礬 治鼻中瘜肉. 取枯礬末和猪脂, 綿裹塞鼻中, 甚妙. 《本草》

Translation영역
Alum (白礬): Treats polyps within the nose. Take calcined alum powder mixed with lard, wrap it in cotton wool and plug it into the nose — most excellent.
Clinical note임상 주석
鼻中瘜肉, the flesh growing inside the nose, is a nasal polyp, and this chapter has six consecutive entries for it — alum, realgar, asarum with melon stalk, melon stalk, coriander, dog's gall and dog's skull. All of them are caustics or irritants packed against the polyp to destroy it. A polyp is removed endoscopically and the underlying inflammation treated with a steroid spray, which is what keeps it from coming back; a unilateral polyp in an adult needs examining, because not everything in the nose is a polyp.

Boncho 本草

2.18.4
Source원문

硫黃 治鼻紅如神. 硫黃化開, 入燒酒內淬三次, 爲末, 茄汁調敷三次卽效. 《種杏》

Translation영역
Sulphur (硫黃): Treats a red nose as if by a spirit. Melt sulphur, quench it three times in distilled spirits, powder it, and apply it mixed with aubergine juice; in three applications it takes effect.
Clinical note임상 주석
Topical sulphur is a genuine treatment for rosacea and is still used in preparations for it, so this is one of the entries that works. Melting and quenching it in spirits three times leaves a fine friable powder, which is what a topical needs.

Jonghaeng 種杏

2.18.5
Source원문

雄黃 療鼻中瘜肉. 取棗核大, 塞鼻中, 瘜肉自落. 《本草》

Translation영역
Realgar (雄黃): Cures polyps within the nose. Take a piece the size of a jujube stone, plug it into the nose, and the polyp falls away of itself.
Clinical note임상 주석
**This is not to be used.** Realgar is arsenic sulphide, and a piece of it held against the nasal mucosa is absorbed from one of the most vascular surfaces in the body.

Boncho 本草

2.18.6
Source원문

輕粉 治酒齄. 輕粉ㆍ硫黃爲末, 和津唾擦之. 又輕粉ㆍ硫黃ㆍ乳香ㆍ細辛爲末, 唾調付之. 《綱目》

Translation영역
Calomel (輕粉): Treats the wine-flushed nose. Calomel and sulphur powdered, mixed with saliva and rubbed on. Or calomel, sulphur, frankincense and asarum powdered and applied mixed with saliva.
Clinical note임상 주석
**Calomel is not to be used.** It is mercurous chloride and it is absorbed through skin; mercury applied to the face for a cosmetic complaint is among the least defensible prescriptions in the book. The sulphur in both formulas is what was doing the work, as the entry above it shows.

Gangmok 綱目

2.18.7
Source원문

細辛 除齆臭瘜肉. 與瓜蔕同用爲瓜丁散. 有人患瘜肉垂出外, 用此卽消盡. 《綱目》

Translation영역
Asarum (細辛): Removes a blocked, foul-smelling nose and polyps. Used together with melon stalk it makes Gwajeong-san 瓜丁散. There was a man whose polyp hung out of the nose, and using this it dissolved away entirely.
Clinical note임상 주석
瘜肉垂出外, a polyp hanging out of the nostril, is an antrochoanal polyp or a large inflammatory one, and the case is reported as a cure. Melon stalk — the shrivelled stem of the muskmelon — contains cucurbitacins and is a severe irritant; applied in the nose it causes copious discharge, which is how these methods were judged to work.

Gangmok 綱目

2.18.8
Source원문

芎藭 治鼻多涕. 或煎或末服幷佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Cnidium (芎藭): Treats a nose with much mucus. Decocted or powdered, both are good.

Boncho 本草

2.18.9
Source원문

乾薑 治鼻塞. 爲末蜜和丸, 塞鼻中. 《本草》

Translation영역
Dried ginger (乾薑): Treats a blocked nose. Powder it, make honey pills and plug one into the nose.

Boncho 本草

2.18.10
Source원문

辛夷 通鼻塞. 爲水, 葱茶淸點服一錢. 又綿裹塞鼻中. 《本草》

Translation영역
Magnolia flower bud (辛夷): Opens a blocked nose. Powder it and take 1 don infused in scallion and clear tea. Or wrap it in cotton wool and plug it into the nose.
Clinical note임상 주석
Magnolia flower bud is the chief drug of 辛夷散 and remains the reference medicinal for nasal obstruction and for allergic rhinitis in Korean and Chinese practice. It is the one entry in this section aimed at opening the nose rather than destroying something in it.

Boncho 本草

2.18.11
Source원문

皂角 治鼻塞. 灸爲末, 取少許吹入鼻中. 又食物入鼻不出, 以末吹鼻取嚏, 卽出. 《本草》

Translation영역
Soap-pod (皂角): Treats a blocked nose. Roast it, powder it, and blow a little into the nose. Also, where food has got into the nose and will not come out, blow the powder into the nose to bring on a sneeze, and it comes out.
Clinical note임상 주석
The second method is sound and still the right first move: provoke a sneeze and let the nose clear itself. Blowing a sternutatory powder in to do it is cruder than asking the patient to blow, but the principle — the airway clears itself if you make it — is correct.

Boncho 本草

2.18.12
Source원문

百草霜 治久患鼻瘡膿極臭. 細硏爲末, 以冷水調下二錢. 《綱目》

Translation영역
Stove soot (百草霜): Treats a long-standing sore of the nose with pus and an extremely foul smell. Grind it fine to a powder and take 2 don stirred into cold water.
Clinical note임상 주석
久患鼻瘡膿極臭 — a long-standing nasal sore with foul-smelling pus — is the picture of a chronic destructive process in the nose, and in this period the causes would have included syphilis, tuberculosis and, in a child, a retained foreign body. A unilateral foul discharge in a child is a foreign body until proved otherwise, and in an adult it needs examining and biopsy.

Gangmok 綱目

2.18.13
Source원문

瓜蔕 去鼻中瘜肉. 爲末綿裹塞之. 或和羊脂, 或和細辛, 皆佳. 《本草》

Translation영역
Melon stalk (瓜蔕): Removes polyps within the nose. Powder it, wrap it in cotton wool and plug it in. Mixed with sheep fat, or with asarum, both are good.

Boncho 本草

2.18.14
Source원문

胡荽 治瘜肉. 擣爛塞鼻, 瘜肉自落. 《丹心》

Translation영역
Coriander (胡荽): Treats polyps. Pound it to a mash, plug it into the nose, and the polyp falls away of itself.

Dansim 丹心

2.18.15
Source원문

犬膽 主鼻齆及鼻中瘜肉. 取瓜蔕ㆍ細辛末, 和膽汁塞鼻, 卽效. 《本草》

Translation영역
Dog's gall (犬膽): Governs a blocked nose and polyps within it. Take powdered melon stalk and asarum, mix them with the bile and plug it into the nose — it takes effect at once.

Boncho 本草

2.18.16
Source원문

狗頭骨灰 和䃃砂少許, 搐鼻中, 瘜肉自化. 《丹心》 ○歌曰, 狗頭灰一錢ㆍ丁香半錢, 上細硏, 吹鼻中, 瘜肉化爲水. 《類聚》

Translation영역
Ash of dog's skull (狗頭骨灰): Mixed with a little sal ammoniac and sniffed into the nose, the polyp dissolves of itself. ○ A verse says: dog's skull ash 1 don, clove half a don, ground fine and blown into the nose, and the polyp turns to water.
Clinical note임상 주석
歌曰, a verse says — the formula is set in rhyme so that it could be carried in the head, and the chapter preserves the mnemonic rather than only the recipe. 化爲水, turning to water, is the chapter's phrase for a caustic that dissolves what it touches rather than making it slough; 䃃砂 is sal ammoniac and is strongly irritant.

Dansim 丹心 · Yuchwi 類聚

2.19 Acupuncture and Moxibustion 鍼灸法

2.19.1
Source원문

鼻流淸涕濁涕, 灸上星 二七壯. 又取人中ㆍ風府. 不愈, 又取百會ㆍ風池ㆍ風門ㆍ大顀. 《綱目》

Translation영역
For a nose running clear or turbid discharge, moxa Sangseong (上星, GV23) fourteen cones; also take Injung (人中, GV26) and Pungbu (風府, GV16). If it does not heal, take Baekhoe (百會, GV20), Pungji (風池, GB20), Pungmun (風門, BL12) and Daechu (大顀, GV14).

Gangmok 綱目

2.19.2
Source원문

鼻塞不聞香臭, 取迎香ㆍ上星ㆍ合谷. 不愈, 灸人中ㆍ風府ㆍ百勞ㆍ前谷. 《綱目》

Translation영역
For a blocked nose that does not smell scent or stench, take Yeonghyang (迎香, LI20), Sangseong and Hapgok (合谷, LI4). If it does not heal, moxa Injung, Pungbu, Baengno (百勞) and Jeongok (前谷, SI2).
Clinical note임상 주석
Yeonghyang — 迎香, welcoming fragrance — beside the nostril, named for what it is meant to restore. It is the first point needled for any nose complaint and the name is the indication.

Gangmok 綱目

2.19.3
Source원문

鼻流臭穢, 取上星ㆍ曲差ㆍ合谷ㆍ人中ㆍ迎香. 《綱目》

Translation영역
For a nose running a foul stench, take Sangseong, Gokcha (曲差, BL4), Hapgok, Injung and Yeonghyang.

Gangmok 綱目

2.19.4
Source원문

鼻中瘜肉, 取風池ㆍ風門ㆍ風府ㆍ人中ㆍ和窌. 《東垣》

Translation영역
For a growth within the nose, take Pungji, Pungmun, Pungbu, Injung and Hwaryo (和窌, TE22).

Dongwon 東垣

2.19.5
Source원문

鼻涕多, 宜灸顖會ㆍ前頂ㆍ迎香. 《資生》

Translation영역
For much nasal discharge, moxa Sinhoe (顖會, GV22), Jeonjeong (前頂, GV21) and Yeonghyang.

Jasaenggyeong 資生經

About this translation 凡例

Base text: Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑, 1613 first edition), Outer Form, Volume 2, Nose chapter. The Chinese text is collated against the public-domain Wikisource transcription and a printed edition; original character forms (脉, 人參) are retained. Terminology follows Wiseman & Feng, A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine. Translation and clinical notes are original to this site. — Eui Young (Justin) Chung, L.Ac., Dipl. O.M.